Water SA

WRC peer-reviewed journal

Water SA is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Water Research Commission, covering original research on water science, engineering, and management relevant to southern Africa.

Only the Water SA archiveis housed on the WRC Knowledge Hub. Current and recent issues of Water SA are published on the journal's dedicated platform at watersa.net. The archive below is organised by volume, with the most recent volume shown first.

Volume 44

80 articles

Electrospun chitosan-based nanofibres for removal of phenols from drinking water

Nthunya LN, Masheane ML, Malinga SP, Nxumalo EN, Mhlanga SD

Economic risks due to declining water quality in the Breede River catchment

Cullis JDS, Rossouw N, Du Toit G, Petrie D, Wolfaardt G, De Clercq W, Horn A

Review of available data for a South African Inventory of Inland Aquatic Ecosystems (SAIIAE)

Van Deventer H, Smith-Adao L, Petersen C, Mbona N, Skowno A, Nel JL

Decolourization of Direct Blue 2 by peroxidases obtained from an industrial soybean waste

Miranda-Mandujano E, Moeller-Chávez G, Villegas-Rosas O, Buitrón G, Garzón-Zúñiga MA

Case study modelling for an ettringite treatment process

Germishuizen C, Franzsen S, Grobler H, Simate GS, Sheridan CM

REVIEW: Natural organic matter in aquatic systems – a South African perspective

Chaukura N, Ndlangamandla NG, Moyo W, Msagati TAM, Mamba BB, Nkambule TTI

Potential of dyes as draw solutions in forward osmosis for the South African textile industry

Sheldon M, Jingxi EZ, De Jager D, Augustine R, Korenak J, Helix-Nielsen C, Petrinic I

Impact of invasive alien plants on water provision in selected catchments

Preston IR, Le Maitre DC, Blignaut JN, Louw L, Palmer CG

The Pongola Floodplain, South Africa – Part 2: Holistic environmental flows assessment

Brown C, Joubert A, Tlou T, Birkhead A, Marneweck G, Paxton B, Singh A

Volume 43

73 articles

Jumping the water queue: changing waterscapes under water reform processes in rural Zimbabwe

Kemerink-Seyoum JS, Chinguno NLT, Seyoum SD, Ahlers R, Bolding JA, Van der Zaag P

Modelling and water yield assessment of Lake Sibhayi

Smithers JC, Gray RP, Johnson S, Still D

Aqueous solubility of Cr(VI) compounds in ferrochrome bag filter dust and the implications thereof

Du Preez SP, Beukes JP, Van Dalen WPJ, Van Zyl PG, Paktunc D, Loock-Hattingh MM

Variability in chemistry of surface and soil waters of an evapotranspiration-dominated flood-pulsed wetland: solute processing in the Okavango Delta, Botswana

Mosimane K, Struyf E, Gondwe MJ, Frings P, Van Pelt D, Wolski P, Schoelynck J, Schaller J, Conley DJ, Murray-Hudson M

Automated irrigation systems for wheat and tomato crops in arid regions

Al-Ghobari HM, Mohammad FS, El Marazky MSA, Dewidar AZ

Volume 42

74 articles

DRIFT-ARID: A method for assessing environmental water requirements (EWRs) for non-perennial rivers

Seaman M, Watson M, Avenant M, King J, Joubert A, Barker C, Esterhuyse S, Graham D, Kemp M, Le Roux P, Prucha B, Redelinghuys N, Rossouw L, Rowntree K, Sokolic F, Van Rensburg L, Van der Waal B, Van Tol J, Vos T

DRIFT-ARID: Application of a method for environmental water requirements (EWRs) in a non-perennial river (Mokolo River) in South Africa

Seaman M, Watson M, Avenant M, Joubert A, King J, Barker C, Esterhuyse S, Graham D, Kemp M, Le Roux P, Prucha B, Redelinghuys N, Rossouw L, Rowntree K, Sokolic F, Van Rensburg L, Van der Waal B, Van Tol J, Vos T

MIKE-SHE integrated groundwater and surface water model used to simulate scenario hydrology for input to DRIFT-ARID: the Mokolo River case study

Prucha B, Graham D, Watson M, Avenant M, Esterhuyse S, Joubert A, Kemp M, King J, Le Roux P, Redelinghuys N, Rossouw L, Rowntree K, Seaman M, Sokolic F, Van Rensburg L, Van der Waal B, Van Tol J, Vos T

REVIEW: Four decades of water recycling in Atlantis (Western Cape, South Africa): Past, present and future

Bugan RDH, Jovanovic N, Israel S, Tredoux G, Genthe B, Steyn M, Allpass D, Bishop R, Marinus V

Water security in South Africa: perceptions on public expectations and municipal obligations, governance and water re-use

Sershen, Rodda N, Stenström TA, Schmidt S, Dent M, Bux F, Hanke N, Buckley CA, Fennemore C

Contextual investigation of factors affecting sludge accumulation rates in lined pit latrines within Kampala slum areas, Uganda

Zziwa A, Lugali Y, Wanyama J, Banadda N, Kabenge I, Kambugu R, Kyazze F, Kigozi JB, Tumutegyereize P

A preliminary investigation of the water use efficiency of sweet sorghum for biofuel in South Africa

Mengistu MG, Steytler B, Kunz RP, Doidge I, Hlophe HB, Everson CS, Jewitt GPW, Clulow AD

A critical look at South Africa’s Green Drop Programme

Ntombela C, Funke N, Meissner R, Steyn M, Masangane W

Volume 41

86 articles

Technologies for the treatment of source-separated urine in the eThekwini Municipality

Udert KM, Buckley CA, Wächter M, McArdell CS, Kohn T, Strande L, Zöllig H, Fumasoli A, Oberson A, Etter B

The development of a classification system for inland aquatic ecosystems in South Africa

Ollis DJ, Ewart-Smith JL, Day L, Job NM, Macfarlane DM, Snaddon CD, Sieben EJJ, Dini JA, Mbona N

Volume 40

85 articles

Priority water research questions for South Africa developed through participatory processes

Siebrits RM, Winter K, Barnes J, Dent MC, Ekama G, Ginster M, Harrison SL, Jackson B, Jacobs I, Jordaan A, Kasan HC, Kloppers W, Le Roux R, Maree J, Momba MNB, Munnik AV, O'Keeffe J, Schulze R, Silberbauer M, Still D, Van Zyl JE

Quality assessment and primary uses of harvested rainwater in Kleinmond, South Africa

Dobrowksy PH, Mannel D, De Kwaadsteniet M, Prozesky H, Khan W, Cloete TE

Chemical aspects of peracetic acid based wastewater disinfection

Luukkonen T, Teeriniemi J, Prokkola H, Rämö J, Lassi U

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the old trickling filters at Daspoort Wastewater Treatment Works

Wilsenach JA, Burke L, Radebe BV, Mashego M, Stone W, Mouton M, Botha A

Effective bioreduction of hexavalent chromium–contaminated water in fixed-film bioreactors

Williams PJ, Botes E, Maleke MM, Ojo A, DeFlaun MF, Howell J, Borch R, Jordan R, Van Heerden E

Removal of pharmaceuticals in WWTP effluents by ozone and hydrogen peroxide

Hey G, Vega SR, Fick J, Tysklind M, Ledin A, La Cour Jansen J, Andersen HR

Volume 39

87 articles

PREFACE: Water footprint

Jacobs HE, Ilemobade AA

Neutralisation treatment of AMD at affordable cost

Maree JP, Mujuru M, Bologo V, Daniels N, Mpholoane D

Removal of copper(II) ion from aqueous solution by high-porosity activated carbon

Milenkovi? DD, Milosavljevi? MM, Marinkovi? AD, ?oki? VR, Mitrovi? JZ, Boji? AL

Volume 38

95 articles

Variation in VIP latrine sludge contents

Bakare BF, Foxon KM, Brouckaert CJ, Buckley CA

The performance of plant species in removing nutrients from stormwater in biofiltration systems in Cape Town

Milandri SG, Winter KJ, Chimphango SBM, Armitage NP, Mbui DN, Jackson GE, Liebau V

The influence of pH on the adsorption of lead by Na-clinoptilolite: Kinetic and equilibrium studies

Mihaly Cozmuta L, Mihaly Cozmuta A, Peter A, Nicula C, Bakatula Nsimba E, Tutu H

Nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon in riparian ecosystems along the Berg River (South Africa): The effect of increasing human land use

Struyf E, Bal KD, Backx H, Vrebos D, Casteleyn A, De Deckere E, Schoelynck J, Brendonck L, Raitt LM, Meire P

Volume 37

90 articles

EDITORIAL: WRC 40-Year Celebration Conference – Syntheses of themed sessions

Green GC, Day L, Mitchell SA, Palmer CG, Laker MC, Buckley C

Biosorptive removal of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ ions from water by Lagenaria vulgaris shell

Mitic-Stojanovic D-L, Zarubica A, Purenovic M, Bojic D, Andjelkovic T, Bojic AL

Multi-scale climate modelling over Southern Africa using a variable-resolution global model

Engelbrecht FA, Landman WA, Engelbrecht CJ, Landman S, Bopape MM, Roux B, McGregor JL, Thatcher M

Removal of nickel from wastewater using an agricultural adsorbent

Moodley K, Singh R, Musapatika ET, Onyango MS, Ochieng A

Removal of Escherichia coli from biological effluents using natural and artificial mineral aggregates

Miranda-Ríos M, Luna-Pabello VM, Orta de Velásquez MT, Barrera-Godínez JA

Irrigation scheduling research: South African experiences and future prospects

Annandale JG, Stirzaker RJ, Singels A, van der Laan M, Laker MC

Volume 36

78 articles

Foreword

Burgess JE

Measurement of grassland evaporation using a surface-layer scintillometer

Savage MJ, Odhiambo GO, Mengistu MG, Everson CS, Jarmain C

Cr(VI) generation during sample preparation of solid samples – A chromite ore case study

Glastonbury RI, Van der Merwe W, Beukes JP, Van Zyl PG, Lachmann G, Steenkamp CJH, Dawson NF, Stewart HM

SHORT COMMUNICATION: Initial testing of electrospun nanofibre filters in water filtration applications

Bjorge D, Daels N, De Vrieze S, Dejans P, van Camp T, Audenaert W, Westbroek P, de Clerck K, Boeckaert C, Van Hulle SWH

Volume 35

98 articles

Inactivation of high concentration of pathogens in land-applied food industry sludge

Méndez-Contreras JM, Atenodoro J, Champión FA, Vallejo-Cantú NA, Alvarado-Lassman A

Optimal dimensioning model of water distribution systems

Gomes HP, Bezerra SDTMB, de Carvalho PSO, Salvino MM

Particulate fingerprinting of water quality in the distribution system

Verberk JQJC, Vreeburg JHG, Rietveld LC, Van Dijk JC

Simulation of a wastewater treatment plant receiving industrial effluents

Mhlanga FT, Brouckaert CJ, Foxon KM, Fennemore C, Mzulwini D, Buckley CA

Volume 34

83 articles

Prediction of salt balances in irrigated soils along the lower Vaal River, South Africa

Van Rensburg LD, Strydom MG, Du Preez CC, Bennie ATP, Le Roux PAL, Pretorius JP

Comparing available rainfall gridded datasets for West Africa and the impact on rainfall-runoff modelling results, the case of Burkina-Faso

Mahe G, Girard S, New M, Paturel J-E, Cres A, Dieulin C, Boyer J-F, Dezetter A, Rouche N, Servat E

Water erosion prediction at a national scale for South Africa

le Roux JJ, Morgenthal TL, Malherbe J, Pretorius DJ, Sumner PD

Collaboration and modelling – tools for integration in the Motueka catchment, New Zealand

Fenemor A, Deans N, Davie T, Allen W, John Dymond, Phillips C, Basher L, Kilvington M, Gillespie P, Young R

IMPETUS: Implementing HELP in the Upper Ouémé basin

Christoph M, Fink A, Diekkrüger B, Giertz S, Reichert B, Speth P

Helping HELP with limited resources: The Luquillo experience

Scatena FN, Ortiz-Zayas JR, Blanco-Libreros JF

Fatty acids composition in South African freshwater fish as indicators of food quality

Chauke E, Cukrowska E, Thaela-Chimuka M-J, Chimuka L, Nsengimana H, Tutu H

Full-scale modelling of food industry WWTP: Model evaluation and reuse

Goudeseune M, Vandekerckhove A, Moerman W, Van Hulle SWH

Volume 33

101 articles

A new strategic framework for water-related health research

Offringa G, Mjoli N, Venter SN, Kfir R, Moolman A

African leafy vegetables in South Africa

Jansen van Rensburg WS, Van Averbeke W, Slabbert R, Faber M, van Jaarsveld P, Wenhold F, Oelofse A, Van Heerden I

Linking smallholder agriculture and water to household food security and nutrition

Wenhold F, Faber M, Van Averbeke W, Oelofse A, van Jaarsveld PJ, Jansen van Rensburg WS, Van Heerden I, Slabbert R

Use of index analysis to evaluate the water quality of a stream receiving industrial effluents

Carvalho M, Da Silva WR (Jr), Machado CJF, Gadelha CLM, Hernandez MIM, Abrahão R

Dynamic integrated water quality modelling: A case study of the Lambro River, northern Italy

Benedetti L, Meirlaen J, Sforzi F, Facchi A, Gandolfi C, Vanrolleghem PA

Effect of irrigation on soil salinity profiles along the Lower Vaal River, South Africa

Le Roux PAL, Du Preez CC, Strydom MG, Van Rensburg LD, Bennie ATP

Predicting freshwater habitat integrity using land-use surrogates

Amis MA, Rouget M, Balmford A, Thuiller W, Kleynhans CJ, Nel J, Day J

Stakeholder connectedness and participatory water resource management in South Africa

Sherwill T, Arendse L, Rogers K, Sihlophe N, Van Wilgen B, Van Wyk E, Zeka S

Prosopis pods as human food, with special reference to Kenya

Choge SK, Pasiecznik NM, Harvey M, Wright J, Awan SZ, Harris PJC

Recovery of sulphur and calcium carbonate from waste gypsum

Nengovhela NR, Strydom CA, Maree JP, Oosthuizen S, Theron DJ

Volume 32

73 articles

Prediction of the environmental impact and sustainability of large-scale irrigation with gypsiferous mine-water on groundwater resources

Annandale JG, Jovanovic NZ, Hodgson FDI, Usher BH, Aken ME, Bristow KL, Steytler B, van der Westhuizen AM

A desalination guide for South African municipal engineers

Maraj S, Rodda N, Jackson S, Buckley C, Macleod N

The interesting cross-paths of HIV/AIDS and water in Southern Africa with special reference to South Africa

Obi CL, Onabolu B, Momba MNB, Igumbor JO, Ramalivahna J, van Rensburg EJ, Lukoto M, Bessong PO, Green E, Mulaudzi TB

Verifying data for the implementation of the water release module of the WAS program

Van Wageningen HS, Sötemann SW, Ristow NE, Wentze MC, Ekama GA

Stormwater quality calibration by SWMM: A case study in Northern Spain

Temprano J, Arango Ó, Cagiao J, Suárez J, Tejero I

The effect of selected metals on the central metabolic pathways in biology: A review

Strydom C, Robinson C, Pretorius E, Whitcutt JM, Marx J, Bornman MS

The Ecological Reserve: Towards a common understanding for river management in South Africa

Van Wyk E, Breen CM, Roux DJ, Rogers KH, Sherwill T, van Wilgen BW

Volume 31

78 articles

Studies on groundwater recharge through surface drains

Kaushal MP, Khepar SD, Siag M, Singh S, Yadav A

The South African rainfall enhancement programme: 1997-2001

Terblanche DE, Mittermaier MP, Burger RP, de Waal KPJ, Ncipha XG

Construction, start-up and operation of a continuously aerated laboratory-scale SHARON reactor in view of coupling with an Anammox reactor

Van Hulle SWH, van den Broeck S, Maertens J, Villez K, Donckels BMR, Volcke EIP, Vanrolleghem PA, Schelstraete G

The hydrodynamics of the Bot River Estuary revisited

Van Niekerk L, van der Merwe JH, Huizinga P

Treatment for small polluted rivers: Design and performance of an experimental structure

Ramírez-Baca N, Saucedo-Terán R, Manzanares-Papayanopoulos LI, Carrazco-Palafox J, Nevárez-Moorillón GV

Immobilisation of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus using natural carriers

Hrenovi? J, Tibljaš D, Orhan Y, Büyükgüngör H

Volume 30

99 articles

Research projects and capacity building

Breen CM, Jaganyi JJ, van Wilgen BW, Van Wyk E

Full-scale implementation of external nitrification biological nutrient removal at the Daspoort Waste Water Treatment Works

Muller AW, Wentzel MC, Saayman GB, van der Merwe RJ, Esterhuyse CM, Ekama GA, Snyman JS

The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR): An appropriate technology for on-site sanitation

Foxon KM, Pillay S, Lalbahadur T, Rodda N, Holder F, Buckley CA

Wastewater disposal at safari lodges in the Okavango Delta, Botswana

McCarthy TS, Gumbricht T, Stewart RG, Brandt D, Hancox PJ, Duse AG, McCarthy J

Toward zero waste production in the paint industry

Jewell LL, Fasemore OA, Glasser D, Hildebrandt D, Heron L, Cooray B, Van Wyk N

Volume 29

65 articles

An efficient optimisation method in groundwater resource management

Ndambuki JM, Otieno FAO, Stroet CBM, Terlaky T, Veling EJM

Optimal operation of water distribution networks by predictive control using MINLP

Biscos C, Mulholland M, Le Lann M-V, Buckley CA, Brouckaert CJ

Arsenic removal from drinking water using granular ferric hydroxide

Thirunavukkarasu OS, Viraraghavan T, Subramanian KS

Volume 28

71 articles

The in-depth evaluation of three filtration facilities

Ceronio AD, Basson N, Kruger M, Taljaard C, Bauman CM, Haarhoff J

Commercial production of crops irrigated with gypsiferous mine water

Jovanovic NZ, Annandale JG, Claassens AS, Lorentz SA, Tanner PD, Hodgson FDI, Aken ME

Trace metal pollution in Umtata River

Fatoki OS, Lujiza N, Ogunfowokan AO

Assessment of the conservation priority status of South African estuaries for use in management and water allocation

Turpie JK, Adams JB, Joubert A, Harrison TD, Colloty BM, Whitfield AK, Wooldridge TH, Maree RC

Cleaning fouled membranes using sludge enzymes

Melamane X, Pletschke BI, Leukes WD, Whiteley CG

Modelling of a recycling sludge bed reactor using AQUASIM

Ristow NE, Whittington-Jones K, Corbett C, Rose P, Hansford GS

Erratum

Ehlers GAC, Daneel RA, Senior E

Volume 27

65 articles

Full-scale ANANOX® system performance

Garuti G, Giordano A, Pirozzi F

Economic study of the treatment of surface water by small ultrafiltration units

Drouiche M, Lounici H, Belhocine D, Grib H, Piron D, Mameri N

Mixing studies in an Orbal activated sludge system

Burrows LJ, West JR, Forster CF, Martin A

Volume 26

68 articles

Volume 25

64 articles

Filamentous organism bulking in nutrient removal activated sludge systems: Paper 7: Exploratory experimental investigations

Lakay MT, Hulsman A, Ketley D, Warburton C, de Villiers M, Wentzel MC, Ekama GA, Casey TG

Aluminium in drinking water: An overview

Srinivasan PT, Viraraghavan T, Subramanian KS

Adaptive assessment and management of riverine ecosystems: The Crocodile/Elands Rivers case study

Roux DJ, Kleynhans CJ, Thirion C, Hill L, Engelbrecht JS, Kemper NP, Deacon AR

Volume 24

50 articles

Management of a reservoir for drought

Stevens EG, Stephenson D, Chu S-C, Huang W-L

Crops can be irrigated with lime-treated acid mine drainage

Jovanovic NZ, Barnard RO, Rethman NFG, Annandale JG

Nitrification of waste waters from fish-meal factories

Garrido JM, Guerrero L, Méndez R, Lema JM

Volume 23

53 articles

Ultrafiltration in potable water production

Jacobs EP, Botes JP, Bradshaw SM, Saayman HM

Potentiometric measurement of chemical oxygen demand

Bilanovic D, Loewenthal RE, Avnimelech Y, Green M

Kinetic-based model for mixed meak acid/base systems

Musvoto EV, Wentzel MC, Loewenthal RE, Ekama GA

Volume 22

35 articles

Combined sorption technology of heavy metal regeneration from electroplating rinse waters

Grebenyuk VD, Sorokun GV, Verbich SV, Zhiginas LH, Linkov VM, Smit JJ, Linkov NA

Volume 21

49 articles

Evaluation of sequential extraction procedures for metal speciation in model sediments

Coetzee PP, Gouws K, Plüddemann S, Yacoby M, Howell S, den Drijver L

Microbial decolourisation of a reactive azo dye under anaerobic conditions

Carliell CM, Barclay SJ, Naidoo M, Buckley CA, Mulholland DA, Senior E

Volume 20

36 articles

Anaerobic decolorisation of reactive dyes in conventional sewage treatment processes

Carlieli CM, de Baissac P, Naidoo M, Buckley CA, Mulholland DA, Senior E

Volume 19

48 articles

Weak acid/bases and pH control in anaerobic systems - A review

Moosbrugger RE, Wentzel MC, Ekama MW, Marais GvR

Evaluation of the dual digestion system: Part 1: Overview of the Milnerton experience

Messenger JR, de Villiers HA, Laubscher SJA, Kenmuir K, Ekama GA

Investigation of drinking- and Nile-water samples of upper Egypt

Awadallah RM, Ismail SS, Abd EI Aal MT, Soltan ME

A re-evaluation of the bilharzia risk in and around the Hartbeespoort Dam

De Kock KN, Wolmarans CT, Nieuwoudt S, Smid MJ, Yssel E

Volume 18

41 articles

Volume 17

40 articles

Effects of a recycle in upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) systems

Sam-Soon PALNS, Loewenthal RE, Wentzel MC, Marais GvR

Volume 16

39 articles

The automated determination of nitrate in water

Pauer JJ, van Vliet HR, van Staden JF

Treatment of gelatine factory effluent

Maree JP, Cole CGB, Gerber A, Barnard JL

Die outomatiese bepaling van silika in oppervlak- en grondwater

van Staden JF, Pauer JJ, van Vliet HR, Kempster PL

Volume 15

33 articles

Volume 14

32 articles

Caustic recovery from bottling plant effluent

Simpson AE, Neytzell-De Wilde FG, Buckley CA

Volume 13

41 articles

Volume 12

37 articles

Volume 11

34 articles

Metal surveys in South African estuaries IX. Buffalo River

Watling RJ, Talbot M, Branch EB, Marsland SA

The effects of generally used anticoagulants on the haemolysis of fish erythrocytes

van Vliet KJ, Smit GL, Pieterse JJ, Schoonbee HJ, Van Vuren JHJ

Volume 10

31 articles

Volume 9

25 articles

Some ecological effects of two sewage outfalls in Algoa Bay

Emmerson WD, McLachlan D, Watling RJ, Watling HR

Volume 8

35 articles

Volume 7

35 articles

The chemistry and meiofauna of some unpolluted sandy beaches in South Africa

Orren MJ, Eagle GA, Fricke AH, Gledhill WJ, Greenwood PJ, Hennig HFKO

A preliminary limnological survey of Swartwater dam (Qwa-Qwa)

Stegmann P, Pieterse AJH, Toerien DF, Seaman MT, van der Waal BCW

Volume 6

31 articles

Volume 5

22 articles

Volume 4

26 articles

Eutrophication of four Transvaal dams

Walmsley RD, Toerien DF, Steyn DJ

Volume 3

23 articles

Volume 2

25 articles

Calcium carbonate precipitation kinetics part 1: Pure system kinetics

Sturrock PLK, Benjamin L, Loewenthal RE, Marais GvR

Volume 1

21 articles

Undated

41 articles

In support of water-resource planning – highlighting key management issues using DRIFT: A case study

Brown C, Pemberton C, Birkhead A, Bok A, Boucher C, Harding W, Kamish W, Dollar E, King J, Paxton B

Errata

Barnard JJ